On Wednesday, December 16, Perry Center Professor Celina Realuyo conducted a videoconference on “The Rise of ISIS and the US Strategy to Counter It” for over 100 Perry Center alumni from 15 countries in the wake of the Paris and San Bernardino terrorist attacks. Topics discussed included the evolution of ISIS from a terrorist group into a “caliphate,” its sources of financing and foreign fighters, its destabilizing effect on the Middle East and beyond, and the global coalition to counter ISIL. During the interactive question and answer session, the roles of Russia, Iran, Turkey and Saudi Arabia and the possible threat of ISIS to the Western Hemisphere through the refugee crisis were raised.